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Zbl 0983.33006
Barnard, Roger W.; Pearce, Kent; Richards, Kendall C.
A monotonicity property involving $_3F_2$ and comparisons of the classical approximations of elliptical arc length. (English)
[J] SIAM J. Math. Anal. 32, No. 2, 403-419 (2000). ISSN 0036-1410; ISSN 1095-7154/e

Authors' abstract: Conditions are determined under which $_3 F_2(-n, a, b; a+b+2,\varepsilon -n+1;1)$ is a monotone function of $n$ satisfying $ _3 F_2(-n, a, b; a+b+2,\varepsilon -n+1;1)\geq ab _2 F_1(a, b; a+b+2;1) $. Motivated by a conjecture of {\it M. Vuorinen} [K. Srinivasa Rao (ed.) et al., Special functions and differential equations, Proceedings of a workshop, WSSF `97, Madras, India, January 13--24, 1997. New Delhi: Allied Publishers Private Ltd., 119--126 (1998; Zbl 0948.30024)], the corollary that $_3 F_2(-n, -1/2, -1/2; 1,\varepsilon -n+1;1)\geq 4/\pi$, for $1>\varepsilon >1/4$ and $n \geq 2$, is used to determine surprising hierarchical relationships among the 13 known historical approximations of the arc length of an ellipse. This complete list of inequalities compares the Maclaurin series coefficients of $_2 F_1$ with the coefficients of each of the known approximations, for which maximum errors can then be established. These approximations range over four centuries from Kepler's in 1609 to Almkvist's in 1985 and include two from Ramanujan.
[Andrei Martínez Finkelshtein (Almeria)]

MSC 2000:: *33C20 Generalized hypergeometric series
41A30 Approximation by other special function classes

Keywords: hypergeometric; approximations; elliptic arc length

Citations: Zbl 0948.30024

Cited in: Zbl 1009.33005

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