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Zbl 1128.17007
Aslaksen, Helmer; Lang, Mong Lung
Extending $\pi$-systems to bases of root systems.
(English)
[J] J. Algebra 287, No. 2, 496-500 (2005). ISSN 0021-8693

Summary: Let $R$ be an indecomposable root system. It is well known that any root is part of a basis $B$ of $R$. But when can you extend a set, $C$, of two or more roots to a basis $B$ of $R$? A $\pi$-system is a linearly independent set of roots such that if $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are in $C$, then $\alpha-\beta$ is not a root. We will use results of Dynkin and Bourbaki to show that with two exceptions, $A_3\subset B_n$ and $A_7\subset E_8$, an indecomposable $\pi$-system whose Dynkin diagram is a subdiagram of the Dynkin diagrams of $R$ can always be extended to a basis of $R$.
MSC 2000:
*17B20 Simple and semisimple Lie algebras
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Lie groups, physics and geometry. An introduction for physicists, engineers and chemists.
Elementary number theory. Primes, congruences, and secrets.

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