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Integral inequalities for second-order linear oscillation. (English) Zbl 0921.34035

The author extends in various directions the classical Lyapunov inequality for solutions to the second-order differential equation \[ y''+ q(t)y=0. \tag{*} \] This investigation attracted attention in several recent papers [see e.g. B. Harris and Q. Kong, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 347, No. 5, 1831-1839 (1995; Zbl 0829.34025) and S. Clark and D. B. Hinton, Math. Inequal. Appl. 1, No. 2, 201-209 (1998; Zbl 0909.24033) and the reference given therein].
The principal role plays the concept of the downswing of a function, which measures (in a certain sense) how much a function can fall down in a given interval. Using this concept, several necessary conditions are obtained for the existence of conjugate/focal points of solutions to (*) in a given interval.
Using these results, the following interesting nonoscillation criterion for (*) is proved. If \[ \limsup_{T\to \infty}\int_0^T tq(t) dt- \liminf_{T\to \infty}\int_0^T tq(t) dt<1, \] then (*) is nonoscillatory.
Reviewer: O.Došlý (Brno)

MSC:

34C10 Oscillation theory, zeros, disconjugacy and comparison theory for ordinary differential equations
26D10 Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators
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