Summary: The changes and novelties in the catalogues of knowledge for mathematics in 2007 and in mathematics lessons in the new and modernized programs for secondary technical and vocational-technical education demanded considerations about the structure and an evaluation of the vocational matura mathematical exam. The changes introduced didn’t encroach onto the written examination which remains equal for all candidates, but only affected the part concerning oral examination. The article presents the development of the oral exam within the vocational matura exam from the introduction of vocational matura in 2002 up to its present condition. The basic novelty in the oral examination is that instead of theoretical questions, situations and situation-related questions have been introduced. The article offers examples of situations from the new model. It also presents the methodology of evaluating oral examination, which is presented with the help of a general evaluation scheme and illustrated by a practical example.