Summary: This paper presents a novel semi-automated image processing procedure dedicated to the identification and characterization of the dental root canal, based on high-resolution micro-CT records. After the necessary image enhancement, parallel slices are individually segmented via histogram based quick fuzzy c-means clustering. The 3D model of root canal is built up from the segmented cross sections using the reconstruction of the inner surface, and the medial line is extracted by a 3D curve skeletonization algorithm. The central line of the root canal can finally be approximated as a 3D spline curve. The proposed procedure may support the planning of several kinds of endodontic interventions.