\input zb-basic
\input zb-ioport
\iteman{io-port 02241992}
\itemau{Leslie, Ben; Chubb, Peter; Fitzroy-Dale, Nicholas; G\"otz, Stefan; Gray, Charles; Macpherson, Luke; Potts, Daniel; Shen, Yue-Ting; Elphinstone, Kevin; Heiser, Gernot}
\itemti{User-level device drivers: achieved performance.}
\itemso{J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 20, No. 5, 654-664 (2005).}
\itemab
Summary: Running device drivers as unprivileged user-level code, encapsulated into their own process, has often been proposed as a technique for increasing system robustness. However, in the past, systems based on user-level drivers have generally exhibited poor I/O performance. Consequently, user-level device drivers have never caught on to any significant degree. In this paper we demonstrate that it is possible to build systems which employ user-level device drivers, without significant performance degradation, even for high-bandwidth devices such as Gigabit Ethernet.
\itemrv{~}
\itemcc{}
\itemut{device drivers; operating systems; performance; reliability}
\itemli{doi:10.1007/s11390-005-0654-4}
\end