id: 03706249 dt: j an: 03706249 au: Himmelblau, D.M.; Lindsay, J.W. ti: An evaluation of subsitute methods for derivatives in unconstrained optimization. so: Oper. Res. 28, 668-686 (1980). py: 1980 pu: INFORMS, Hanover, MD la: EN cc: ut: evaluation of substitute methods; derivatives; unconstrained optimization; finite difference approximations; test problems; comparison of algorithms; numerical study ci: li: doi:10.1287/opre.28.3.668