id: 06050218
dt: j
an: 06050218
au: Takara, K.; Hasegawa, H.-H.; Driebe, D.J.
ti: Generalization of the second law for a transition between nonequilibrium
    states.
so: Phys. Lett., A 375, No. 2, 88-92 (2010).
py: 2010
pu: Elsevier Science (North-Holland), Amsterdam
la: EN
cc: 
ut: 
ci: 
li: doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2010.11.002
ab: Summary: The maximum work formulation of the second law of thermodynamics
    is generalized for a transition between nonequilibrium states. The
    relative entropy, the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the
    nonequilibrium states and the canonical distribution, determines the
    maximum ability to work. The difference between the final and the
    initial relative entropies with an effective temperature gives the
    maximum dissipative work for both adiabatic and isothermal processes.
    Our formulation reduces to both the Vaikuntanathan-Jarzynski relation
    and the nonequilibrium Clausius relation in certain situations. By
    applying our formulation to a heat engine the Carnot cycle is
    generalized to a circulation among nonequilibrium states.
rv: